Short answer
Scheduled rebalancing means the strategy checks and adjusts positions on a fixed calendar such as daily, weekly, or monthly. Event-driven rebalancing means the strategy trades only when something meaningful happens, such as a threshold crossing, a regime flip, or a risk constraint breach.
Neither is universally better. Scheduled rules are easier to operate and compare in research, while event-driven rules often waste less turnover when the signal is noisy and the edge only changes occasionally.